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ISO27001信息安全认证标准

ISO27001信息安全认证标准

前 言
ISO(国际标准化组织)和IEC(国际电工委员会)是为国际标准化制定专门体制的国际组织。国家机构是ISO或IEC的成员,他们通过各自的组织建立技术委员会参与国际标准的制定,来处理特定领域的技术活动。ISO和IEC技术委员会在共同感兴趣的领域合作。其他国际组织、政府和非政府等机构,通过联络ISO和IEC参与这项工作。ISO和IEC已经在信息技术领域建立了一个联合技术委员会ISO/IECJTC1。
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC
Directives, Part 2.
国际标准的制定遵循ISO/IEC 导则第2部分的规则。
 联合技术委员会的主要任务是起草国际标准,并将国际标准草案提交给国家机构投票表决。国际标准的出版发行必须至少75%以上的成员投票通过。
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
本文件中的某些内容有可能涉及一些专利权问题,这一点应该引起注意。ISO和IEC不负责识别任何这样的专利权问题。
ISO/IEC 27001 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology, Subcommittee SC 27, IT Security techniques.
ISO/IEC 27001 由联合技术委员会ISO/IEC JTC1(信息技术)分委员会SC27(安全技术)起草。
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/IEC 27001:2005), which has been technically revised.
第二版进行了技术上的修订,并取消和替代第一版(ISO/IEC 27001:2005)。

0 Introduction
引 言
0.1 General
0.1 总则

本标准用于为建立、实施、保持和持续改进信息安全管理体系提供要求。采用信息安全管理体系是组织的一项战略性决策。一个组织信息安全管理体系的建立和实施受其需要和目标、安全要求、所采用的过程以及组织的规模和结构的影响。所有这些影响因素会不断发生变化。
 信息安全管理体系通过应用风险管理过程来保持信息的保密性、完整性和可用性,以充分管理风险并给予相关方信心。
 信息安全管理体系是组织过程和整体管理结构的一部分并与其整合在一起是非常重要的。信息安全在设计过程、信息系统、控制措施时就要考虑信息安全。按照组织的需要实施信息安全管理体系,是本标准所期望的。
 .本标准可被内部和外部相关方使用,评估组织的能力是否满足组织自身信息安全要求。
 本标准中要求的顺序并不能反映他们的重要性或意味着他们的实施顺序。列举的条目仅用于参考目的。
 ISO/IEC27000 描述了信息安全管理体系的概述和词汇,参考了信息安全管理体系标准族(包括ISO/IEC 27003、ISO/IEC 27004 和ISO/IEC 27005)以及相关的术语和定义。
0.2 Compatibility with other management system standards
0.2 与其他管理体系的兼容性
 本标准应用了ISO/IEC 导则第一部分ISO补充部分附录SL中定义的高层结构、相同的子章节标题、相同文本、通用术语和核心定义。因此保持了与其它采用附录SL 的管理体系标准的兼容性。
 附录 SL 定义的通用方法对那些选择运作单一管理体系(可同时满足两个或多个管理体系标准要求)的组织来说是十分有益的
 信息技术-安全技术-信息安全管理体系-要求
1 Scope
1 范围
 本标准从组织环境的角度,为建立、实施、运行、保持和持续改进信息安全管理体系规定了要求。

下列文件的全部或部分内容在本文件中进行了规范引用,对于其应用是必不可少的。凡是注日期的引用文件,只有引用的版本适用于本标准;凡是不注日期的引用文件,其最新版本(包括任何修改)适用于本标准。
ISO/IEC 27000, Information technology — Security techniques — Information security management systems — Overview and vocabulary
ISO/IEC 27000,信息技术—安全技术—信息安全管理体系—概述和词汇
3 Terms and definitions
3 术语和定义
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 27000 apply.
ISO/IEC 27000中的术语和定义适用于本标准。
 
 
4 Context of the organization
4 组织环境
4.1 Understanding the organization and its context
4.1 理解组织及其环境
The organization shall determine external and internal issues that are relevant to its purpose and that affect its ability to achieve the intended outcome(s) of its information security management system.
组织应确定与其目标相关并影响其实现信息安全管理体系预期结果的能力的外部和内部问题。
NOTE Determining these issues refers to establishing the external and internal context of the organization considered in Clause 5.3 of ISO 31000:2009[5].
注:确定这些问题涉及到建立组织的外部和内部环境,在ISO 31000:2009[5]的5.3节考虑了这一事项。
4.2 Understanding the needs and expectations of interested parties
4.2 理解相关方的需求和期望
The organization shall determine:
组织应确定:
a) interested parties that are relevant to the information security management system; and
b) the requirements of these interested parties relevant to information security.
a) 与信息安全管理体系有关的相关方;
b) 这些相关方与信息安全有关的要求
NOTE The requirements of interested parties may include legal and regulatory requirements and contractual obligations.
注:相关方的要求可能包括法律法规要求和合同义务。
4.3 Determining the scope of the information security management system
4.3 确定信息安全管理体系的范围
The organization shall determine the boundaries and applicability of the information security management system to establish its scope.
组织应确定信息安全管理体系的边界和适用性,以建立其范围。
When determining this scope, the organization shall consider:
当确定该范围时,组织应考虑:
a) 在4.1 中提及的外部和内部问题;
b) 在4.2 中提及的要求;
c) 组织所执行的活动之间以及与其它组织的活动之间的接口和依赖性
范围应文件化并保持可用性。
4.4 Information security management system
4.4 信息安全管理体系
The organization shall establish, implement, maintain and continually improve an information security management system, in accordance with the requirements of this International Standard.
组织应按照本标准的要求建立、实施、保持和持续改进信息安全管理体系。
5 Leadership
5 领导
5.1 Leadership and commitment
5.1 领导和承诺
Top management shall demonstrate leadership and commitment with respect to the information security management system by:
高层管理者应通过下列方式展示其关于信息安全管理体系的领导力和承诺:
a) 确保建立信息安全方针和信息安全目标,并与组织的战略方向保持一致;
b) 确保将信息安全管理体系要求整合到组织的业务过程中;
c) 确保信息安全管理体系所需资源可用;
d) 传达信息安全管理有效实施、符合信息安全管理体系要求的重要性;
e) 确保信息安全管理体系实现其预期结果;
f) 指挥并支持人员为信息安全管理体系的有效实施作出贡献;
g) 促进持续改进;
h) 支持其他相关管理角色在其职责范围内展示他们的领导力。
5.2 Policy
5.2 方针
Top management shall establish an information security policy that:
高层管理者应建立信息安全方针,以:
a) is appropriate to the purpose of the organization;
b) includes information security objectives (see 6.2) or provides the framework for setting information security objectives;
c) includes a commitment to satisfy applicable requirements related to information security;
d) includes a commitment to continual improvement of the information security management system. The information security policy shall:
e) be available as documented information;
f) be communicated within the organization; and
g) be available to interested parties, as appropriate.
a) 适于组织的目标;
b) 包含信息安全目标(见6.2)或设置信息安全目标提供框架;
c) 包含满足适用的信息安全相关要求的承诺;
d) 包含信息安全管理体系持续改进的承诺。
信息安全方针应:
e) 文件化并保持可用性;
f) 在组织内部进行传达;
g) 适当时,对相关方可用。
5.3 Organizational roles, responsibilities and authorities
5.3 组织角色、职责和权限
Top management shall ensure that the responsibilities and authorities for roles relevant to information security are assigned and communicated.
高层管理者应确保分配并传达了信息安全相关角色的职责和权限。
Top management shall assign the responsibility and authority for:
高层管理者应分配下列职责和权限:
a) ensuring that the information security management system conforms to the requirements of this International Standard; and
b) reporting on the performance of the information security management system to top management.
a) 确保信息安全管理体系符合本标准的要求;
b) 将信息安全管理体系的绩效报告给高层管理者。
NOTE Top management may also assign responsibilities and authorities for reporting performance of the information security management system within the organization.
注:高层管理者可能还要分配在组织内部报告信息安全管理体系绩效的职责和权限


6 Planning
6 规划
6.1 Actions to address risks and opportunities
6.1 应对风险和机会的措施
6.1.1 General
6.1.1 总则
When planning for the information security management system, the organization shall consider the issues referred to in 4.1 and the requirements referred to in 4.2 and determine the risks and opportunities that need to be addressed to:
当规划信息安全管理体系时,组织应考虑4.1中提及的问题和4.2中提及的要求,确定需要应对的风险和机会,以:
a) ensure the information security management system can achieve its intended outcome(s);
b) prevent, or reduce, undesired effects; and
c) achieve continual improvement.
The organization shall plan:
d) actions to address these risks and opportunities; and
e) how to
1) integrate and implement the actions into its information security management system
processes;
2) evaluate the effectiveness of these actions.
a) 确保信息安全管理体系能实现其预期结果;
b) 防止或减少意外的影响;
c) 实现持续改进。
组织应规划:
d) 应对这些风险和机会的措施;
e) 如何
1) 整合和实施这些措施并将其纳入信息安全管理体系过程;
2) 评价这些措施的有效性。
6.1.2 Information security risk assessment
6.1.2 信息安全风险评估
The organization shall define and apply an information security risk assessment process that:
组织应定义并应用风险评估过程,以:

a) 建立并保持信息安全风险准则,包括:
1) 风险接受准则;
2) 执行信息安全风险评估的准则;
b) 确保重复性的信息安全风险评估可产生一致的、有效的和可比较的结果;
c) 识别信息安全风险:
1) 应用信息安全风险评估过程来识别信息安全管理体系范围内的信息丧失保密性、完整性和可用性的相关风险;
2) 识别风险负责人;
d) 分析信息安全风险:
1) 评估6.1.2 c)1)中所识别风险发生后将导致的潜在影响;
2) 评估6.1.2 c)1)中所识别风险发生的现实可能性;
3) 确定风险级别;
e) 评价信息安全风险;
1) 将风险分析结果同6.1.2 a)建立的风险准则进行比较;
2) 为实施风险处置确定已分析风险的优先级。
组织应定义并应用风险评估过程,以:
组织应保留信息安全风险评估过程的文件记录信息。
6.1.3 Information security risk treatment
6.1.3 信息安全风险处置
The organization shall define and apply an information security risk treatment process to:
a) select appropriate information security risk treatment options, taking account of the risk
assessment results;
b) determine all controls that are necessary to implement the information security risk treatment option(s) chosen;
组织应定义并应用信息安全风险处置过程,以:
a) 在考虑风险评估结果的前提下,选择适当的信息安全风险处置选项:
b) 为实施所选择的信息安全风险处置选项,确定所有必需的控制措施;
NOTE Organizations can design controls as required, or identify them from any source.
注:组织可按要求设计控制措施,或从其他来源识别控制措施。
c) compare the controls determined in 6.1.3 b) above with those in Annex A and verify that no necessary controls have been omitted;
c) 将6.1.3 b)所确定的控制措施与附录A 的控制措施进行比较,以核实没有遗漏必要的控制措施;
NOTE 1 Annex A contains a comprehensive list of control objectives and controls. Users of this International Standard are directed to Annex A to ensure that no necessary controls are overlooked.
NOTE 2 Control objectives are implicitly included in the controls chosen. The control objectives and controls listed in Annex A are not exhaustive and additional control objectives and controls may be needed.
注1:附录A包含了一份全面的控制目标和控制措施的列表。本标准用户可利用附录A以确保不会遗漏必要的控制措施。
注2:控制目标包含于所选择的控制措施内。附录A所列的控制目标和控制措施并不是所有的控制目标和控制措施,组织也可能需要另外的控制目标和控制措施。


a) 与信息安全方针一致;
b) 可测量(如可行);
c) 考虑适用的信息安全要求以及风险评估和风险处置结果;
d) 被传达;
e) 适当时进行更新。
组织应保留关于信息安全目标的文件记录信息。
当规划如何实现其信息安全目标时,组织应确定:
f) 要做什么;
g) 需要什么资源;
h) 由谁负责;
i) 什么时候完成;
j) 如何评价结果。
7 支持
7.1 Resources
7.1 资源
The organization shall determine and provide the resources needed for the establishment, implementation, maintenance and continual improvement of the information security management system.
组织应确定并提供建立、实施、保持和持续改进信息安全管理体系所需的资源。

7.2 Competence
7.2 能力
The organization shall:
a) determine the necessary competence of person(s) doing work under its control that affects its information security performance;
b) ensure that these persons are competent on the basis of appropriate education, training, or experience;
c) where applicable, take actions to acquire the necessary competence, and evaluate the effectiveness of the actions taken; and
d) retain appropriate documented information as evidence of competence.
组织应:
a) 确定从事影响信息安全执行工作的人员在组织的控制下从事其工作的必要能力;
b) 确保人员在适当教育,培训和经验的基础上能够胜任工作;
c) 适用时,采取措施来获得必要的能力,并评价所采取措施的有效性;
d) 保留适当的文件记录信息作为能力方面的证据。
NOTE Applicable actions may include, for example: the provision of training to, the mentoring of, or the reassignment of current employees; or the hiring or contracting of competent persons.
注:例如适当措施可能包括为现有员工提供培训、对其进行指导或重新分配工作;雇用或签约有能力的人员。
7.3 Awareness
7.3 意识
Persons doing work under the organization’s control shall be aware of:
a) the information security policy;
b) their contribution to the effectiveness of the information security management system, including the benefits of improved information security performance; and
c) the implications of not conforming with the information security management system requirements.
人员在组织的控制下从事其工作时应意识到:
a) 信息安全方针;
b) 他们对有效实施信息安全管理体系的贡献,包括信息安全绩效改进后的益处;
c) 不符合信息安全管理体系要求可能的影响。
7.4 Communication
The organization shall determine the need for internal and external communications relevant to the information security management system including:
a) on what to communicate;
b) when to communicate;
c) with whom to communicate;
d) who shall communicate; and
e) the processes by which communication shall be effected.
组织应确定有关信息安全管理体系在内部和外部进行沟通的需求,包括:
a) 什么需要沟通;
b) 什么时候沟通;
c) 跟谁进行沟通;
d) 由谁负责沟通;
e) 影响沟通的过程。
7.5 Documented information
7.5 文件记录信息
7.5.1 General
7.5.1 总则
The organization’s information security management system shall include:
a) documented information required by this International Standard; and
b) documented information determined by the organization as being necessary for the effectiveness of the information security management system.
组织的信息安全管理体系应包括:
a) 本标准要求的文件记录信息;
b) 组织为有效实施信息安全管理体系确定的必要的文件记录信息。
NOTE The extent of documented information for an information security management system can differ from one organization to another due to:
注:不同组织的信息安全管理体系文件记录信息的详略程度取决于:
1) the size of organization and its type of activities, processes, products and services;
2) the complexity of processes and their interactions; and
3) the competence of persons.
1) 组织的规模及其活动、过程、产品和服务的类型;
2) 过程的复杂性及其相互作用;
3) 人员的能力。
7.5.2 Creating and updating
7.5.2 创建和更新
When creating and updating documented information the organization shall ensure appropriate:
a) identification and description (e.g. a title, date, author, or reference number);
b) format (e.g. language, software version, graphics) and media (e.g. paper, electronic);
c) review and approval for suitability and adequacy.
创建和更新文件记录信息时,组织应确保适当的:
a) 标识和描述(例如:标题、日期、作者或参考编号);
b) 格式(例如:语言,软件版本,图表)和介质(例如:纸质介质,电子介质);
c) 评审和批准其适用性和充分性。
7.5.3 Control of documented information
7.5.3 文件记录信息的控制
Documented information required by the information security management system and by this International Standard shall be controlled to ensure:
a) it is available and suitable for use, where and when it is needed; and
b) it is adequately protected (e.g. from loss of confidentiality, improper use, or loss of integrity).
信息安全管理体系和本标准所要求的文件记录信息应予以控制,以确保:
a) 无论何时何地需要,它都是可用并适合使用的;
b) 它被充分保护(例如避免丧失保密性、使用不当或丧失完整性)。
For the control of documented information, the organization shall address the following activities,as applicable:
c) distribution, access, retrieval and use;
d) storage and preservation, including the preservation of legibility;
e) control of changes (e.g. version control); and
f) retention and disposition.
对于文件记录信息的控制,适用时,组织应处理下列问题:
c) 分发、访问、检索和使用;
d) 存储和保存,包括可读性的保持;
e) 变更控制(例如版本控制);
f) 保留和和处置。
Documented information of external origin, determined by the organization to be necessary for the planning and operation of the information security management system, shall be identified as appropriate, and controlled.
组织为规划和实施信息安全管理体系确定的必要的外部原始文件记录信息,适当时应予以识别并进行控制。
NOTE Access implies a decision regarding the permission to view the documented information only, or the permission and authority to view and change the documented information, etc.
注:访问隐含一个权限决策:仅能查看文件记录信息,或有权去查看和变更文件记录信息等。

8 Operation
8 运行
8.1 Operational planning and control
8.1 运行的规划和控制
The organization shall plan, implement and control the processes needed to meet information security requirements, and to implement the actions determined in 6.1.The organization shall also implement plans to achieve information security objectives determined in 6.2.
组织应规划、实施和控制满足信息安全要求所需的过程,并实施6.1中确定的措施。组织还应实施这些规划来实现6.2中所确定的信息安全目标。
The organization shall keep documented information to the extent necessary to have confidence that the processes have been carried out as planned.
The organization shall control planned changes and review the consequences of unintended changes, taking action to mitigate any adverse effects, as necessary.
The organization shall ensure that outsourced processes are determined and controlled.
组织应保持文件记录信息达到必要的程度:有信心证明过程是按计划执行的。
组织应控制计划了的变更,评审非预期变更的后果,必要时采取措施减缓负面影响。
组织应确保外包的过程已确定,并处于可控状态。
8.2 Information security risk assessment
8.2 信息安全风险评估
The organization shall perform information security risk assessments at planned intervals or when significant changes are proposed or occur, taking account of the criteria established in 6.1.2 a).
考虑到6.1.2 a)中建立的风险评估执行准则,组织应按计划的时间间隔执行信息安全风险评估,当重大变更被提出或发生时也应执行信息安全风险评估。
The organization shall retain documented information of the results of the information security risk assessments.
组织应保留信息安全风险评估结果的文件记录信息。
8.3 Information security risk treatment
8.3 信息安全风险处置
The organization shall implement the information security risk treatment plan.
The organization shall retain documented information of the results of the information security risk treatment.
组织应实施信息安全风险处置计划。
组织应保留信息安全风险处置结果的文件记录信息。
9 Performance evaluation
9 绩效评价
9.1 Monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation
9.1 监视、测量、分析和评价
The organization shall evaluate the information security performance and the effectiveness of the information security management system.
The organization shall determine:
a) what needs to be monitored and measured, including information security processes and controls;
b) the methods for monitoring, measurement, analysis and evaluation, as applicable, to ensure valid results;
a) 什么需要监视和测量,包括信息安全过程和控制措施;
b) 监视、测量、分析和评价的方法,适用时,确保结果有效;
NOTE The methods selected should produce comparable and reproducible results to be considered valid.
注:选择的方法最好产生可比较和可再现的结果,这样才能被认为是有效的。
c) when the monitoring and measuring shall be performed;
d) who shall monitor and measure;
e) when the results from monitoring and measurement shall be analysed and evaluated;
f) who shall analyse and evaluate these results.
The organization shall retain appropriate documented information as evidence of the monitoring and measurement results.
c) 什么时候应执行监视和测量;
d) 谁应实施监视和测量;
e) 什么时候应对监视和测量的结果进行分析和评价;
f) 谁应分析和评价这些结果。
组织应保留适当的文件记录信息作为监视和测量结果的证据。
9.2 Internal audit
9.2 内部审核
The organization shall conduct internal audits at planned intervals to provide information on whether the information security management system:
组织应按计划的时间间隔进行内部审核,以提供信息确定信息安全管理体系是否:
a) conforms to
a) 符合
1) the organization’s own requirements for its information security management system;
2) the requirements of this International Standard;
1) 组织自身信息安全管理体系的要求;
2) 本标准的要求;

 

a) 以往管理评审的措施的状态;
b) 与信息安全管理体系相关的外部和内部问题的变更;
c) 信息安全绩效的反馈,包括下列方面的趋势:
1) 不符合和纠正措施;
2) 监视和测量结果;
3) 审核结果;
4) 信息安全目标的实现;
d) 相关方的反馈;
e) 风险评估的结果和风险处置计划的状态;
f) 持续改进的机会。
The outputs of the management review shall include decisions related to continual improvement opportunities and any needs for changes to the information security management system.
The organization shall retain documented information as evidence of the results of management reviews.
管理评审的输出应包括与持续改进机会有关的决定,以及变更信息安全管理体系的所有需求。
组织应保留文件记录信息作为管理评审结果的证据。
10 Improvement
10 改进
10.1 Nonconformity and corrective action
10.1 不符合和纠正措施
When a nonconformity occurs, the organization shall:
a) react to the nonconformity, and as applicable:
1) take action to control and correct it; and
2) deal with the consequences;
当发生不符合时,组织应:
a) 对不符合作出反应,适用时:
1) 采取措施控制并纠正不符合;
2) 处理后果;
b) evaluate the need for action to eliminate the causes of nonconformity, in order that it does not recur or occur elsewhere, by:
1) reviewing the nonconformity;
2) determining the causes of the nonconformity; and
3) determining if similar nonconformities exist, or could potentially occur;
b) 为确保不符合不再发生或不在其他地方发生,通过下列方式评价消除不符合原因的措施需求:
1) 评审不符合;
2) 确定不符合的原因;
3) 确定是否存在或可能发生相似的不符合;
c) implement any action needed;
d) review the effectiveness of any corrective action taken; and
e) make changes to the information security management system, if necessary.
Corrective actions shall be appropriate to the effects of the nonconformities encountered.
The organization shall retain documented information as evidence of:
f) the nature of the nonconformities and any subsequent actions taken, and
g) the results of any corrective action.
c) 实施所需的措施;
d) 评审所采取纠正措施的有效性;
e) 必要时,对信息安全管理体系实施变更。
纠正措施应与所遇不符合的影响相适应。
组织应保留文件记录信息作为下列事项的证据:
f) 不符合的性质以及所采取的所有后续措施;
g) 所有纠正措施的结果。
10.2 Continual improvement
10.2 持续改进
The organization shall continually improve the suitability, adequacy and effectiveness of the information security management system.
组织应持续改进信息安全管理体系的适宜性、充分性和有效性。


 

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